srI:
srImathE satakOpAya nama:
srImathE rAmAnujAya nama:
srImath varavaramunayE nama:
Full series >> First Centum >> First decad
Introduction for this pAsuram
Highlights from thirukkurukaippirAn piLLAn‘s introduction
bhagavAn pervades in each atom of the drops of water in the ocean, in the subtlest achith (matter) particles which exist from the earth to the sky and in the jIvAthmAs which exist inside each such particle. Even inside those jIvAthmAs, he pervades most casually/conveniently as if he is staying (all by himself) in a huge universe. Yet, he is invisible to others and he is the one who annihilates everything. nammAzhwAr instructs his mind to worship the lotus feet of such emperumAn who is clearly established in vEdham.
Highlights from nanjIyar‘s introduction
nammAzhwAr explains the convenience of bhagavAn‘s vyApthi (omni-presence that was explained previously) in this pAsuram.
Highlights from vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s introduction
Similar to nanjIyar‘s introduction.
Highlights from periyavAchchAn piLLai‘s introduction
Similar to nanjIyar‘s introduction.
Highlights from nampiLLai‘s introduction as documented by vadakkuth thiruvIdhip piLLai
Previously nammAzhwAr explained that bhagavAn has the material realm as his subordinate (like body for the soul), the one who is omni-present, the abode of everything, controller and the master. But when jIvAthmA is bound inside a body, he becomes limited within the limitation of that body – would paramAthmA also go through similar difficulties/limitations? No. He pervades without any limitations in the most convenient manner.
pAsuram
பரந்த தண் பரவை யுள் நீர் தொறும் பரந்துளன்
பரந்த அண்டம் இது என நில விசும்பு ஒழிவு அறக்
கரந்த சில் இடம் தொறும் இடம் திகழ் பொருள் தொறும்
கரந்து எங்கும் பரந்துளன் இவை உண்ட கரனே
parandha thaN paravai uL nIr thoRum parandhuLan
parandha aNdam idhu ena nila visumbu ozhivu aRak
karandha sil idam thoRum idam thigazh poruL thoRum
karandhu engum parandhuLan ivai uNda karanE
Word-by-Word meanings (based on vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s 12000 padi)
parandha – spread everywhere
thaN – Since its not mixed with other bhUthams, ocean is naturally cool (which is the natural quality of water)
paravai uL – inside the EkArNava (singular water mass which is the source of everything)
nIr thoRum – in each drop of water
parandha aNdam ithu ena – Like being in the huge aNdam (egg shaped universe)
parandhu uLan – being present without any limitation
nilam – in the earth
visumbu – in the higher planets
ozhivu aRa – in every particle
karandha – in the most subtle manner (invisible)
sil idam thoRum – Even in the most minute places
idam – in those places
thigazh – self-effulgent
poruL thoRum – in the jIvAthmAs
karandhu – hiding inside in such a way that even those pervaded objects do not know his existence
engum – everywhere
parandhu uLan – being the omni-present one
ivai uNda karan – one who consumed all these during samhAram and stayed firm
Simple transalation (based on vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s 12000 padi)
Just like staying conveniently (all by himself) in the huge universe, he stays in each drop of the water in the naturally cool ocean in the most subtle matter. He is present even inside the most minute places and inside the self-effulgent jIvAthmAs who reside in those minute places in such a manner that the pervaded objects do not realise his presence. He, being the omni-present being, consumed everything during samhAram (annihilation) and remained firm.
With this, it is established that bhagavAn is omni-present in both kAraNa dhasai (causal stage) and kArya dhasai (resulting stage) even in the most subtle chith and achith in the most convenient way without any limitation.
vyAkyAnams (commentaries)
Highlights from thirukkurukaippirAn piLLAn‘s vyAkyAnam
Included in the introduction itself.
Highlights from nanjIyar‘s vyAkyAnam
Similar to nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam.
Highlights from periyavAchchAn piLLai‘s vyAkyAnam
Similar to nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam.
Highlights from nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam as documented by vadakkuth thiruvIdhip piLLai
- parandha thaN paravai uL nIr thoRum parandhu uLan – In the cool and large ocean, bhagavAn has pervaded in every drop of water which itself is made of minute atomic particles.
- parandha aNdam idhu ena – One may question “Will the bhagavAn who is explained in chAndhOgya upanishath 3.14 as ‘… jyAyAn antharikshAth …’ (though this paramAthmA is in my heart, he is greater than the earth etc) be cramped within the minutest atomic particle?” – AzhwAr answers that saying “No, he stays most conveniently in there just as he is staying in a huge universe by himself”.
- nila visumbu ozhivaRa – Is he only pervading the minute particles of water? No, he is pervading earth, sky, this universe, all other universes, etc – everywhere which is explained further.
- karandha sil idanthoRum – everywhere – in the space between eye-lids where minute beings live (and die quickly even by the force of closing the eye-lids) – even in those subtlest beings, he is fully pervaded.
- idam thigazh poruL thoRum – Even inside the jIvAthmAs of those subtlest beings.
- karandhu – hidden so that no one sees him, even those entities which were pervaded by him do not see/know him.
- engum parandhuLan – When a chEthana/jIvAthmA pervades the body in which he lives, he pervades through his knowledge – gyAna vyApthi (i.e., jIvAthmA exists in the heart and through the dharma bhUtha gyAna understands and controls everything related to that body). But bhagavAn‘s vyApthi is not gyAna vyApthi – it is svarUpa vyApthi (pervaded naturally and fully in every place). bhagavAn is vibhu (great) and jIvAthmA is aNu (atomic – minute).
- ivai uNda karanE – if bhagavAn is so huge and these atomic particles are miniscule, how can he stay inside these comfortably without being cramped? He can do it because he is omni-potent (all-capable). As explained by thirumangai AzhwAr in periya thirumozhi 11.5.3 “thayiruNda pon vayiRu ivvEzhulugumuNdum idamudaiththAl” (krishNa’s golden (most-likable) stomach which contains the curd/yoghurt eaten by him, has more space even after consuming the 7 layers of planets) – Just like emperumAn as a small child could consume all of the world and still have space left in his stomach, he can be great yet he can stay comfortably in the minutest particle.
- karan – who is firmly known by the most authoritative vEdham.
In the next article we will see the next pAsuram.
adiyen sarathy ramanuja dasan
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