srI:
srImathE satakOpAya nama:
srImathE rAmAnujAya nama:
srImath varavaramunayE nama:
Full series >> First Centum >> Fifth decad
Introduction for this pAsuram
Highlights from thirukkurukaippirAn piLLAn‘s introduction
No specific introduction.
Highlights from nanjIyar‘s introduction
In the fourth pAsuram – AzhwAr thinks “emperumAn who has taken many efforts such as srushti etc without any expectation and attracted me, will not let me go due to his sauseelyam (simplicity) even if I said ‘no’ to him” and becomes convinced.
Highlights from vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s introduction
Subsequently, AzhwAr accepts bhagavAn‘s relationship saying “bhagavAn who is the controller of both spiritual and material realms and who has no expectation, attracted me through his auspicious qualities such as seelam (simplicity) etc and became my master”.
Highlights from periyavAchchAn piLLai‘s introduction
See nanjIyar‘s introduction.
Highlights from nampiLLai‘s introduction as documented by vadakkuth thiruvIdhip piLLai
Fourth pAsuram – When asked “This is bhagavAn‘s nature. Now, what are you going to do?” AzhwAr says “Even if we try to leave, would the owner let go of us?” AzhwAr says “emperumAn who has taken many efforts such as srushti etc., without any expectation and attracted me, will not let me go due to his sauseelyam (simplicity) even if I said ‘no’ to him” and becomes convinced.
pAsuram
தான் ஓர் உருவே தனி வித்தாய்த் தன்னில் மூவர் முதலாய
வானோர் பலரும் முனிவரும் மற்றும் மற்றும் முற்றுமாய்
தான் ஓர் பெரு நீர் தன்னுள்ளே தொற்றி அதன் உள் கண் வளரும்
வானோர் பெருமான் மாமாயன் வைகுந்தன் எம்பெருமானே
thAn Or uruvE thani viththAyth thannil mUvar mudhalAya
vAnOr palarum munivarum maRRum maRRum muRRumAy
thAn Or peru nIr thannuLLE thORRi adhan uL kaN vaLarum
vAnOr perumAn mAmAyan vaikundhan emperumAnE
Word-by-Word meanings (based on vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s 12000 padi)
thAn – He (who is indicated by the word “sath”)
Or uruvE – Having single form/substratum (sahakAri nirapEkshathvam – since he does not expect any assistance from any one – he is the ancillary cause)
thani – singular (nimiththAnthara rahithan – one who does not depend on the desire of any one else – he is the efficient cause)
viththu Ay – being the seed (upAdhAna – seeking no other raw-material – since he is the material cause)
thannil – (thus being the all three types of causes) his own inherent nature having sankalpam (vow)
mUvar – the three (brahmA, rudhra, indhra)
mudhalAya – et al, starting with,
vAnOr – dhEvathAs (celestial beings)
munivarum – rishis (sages)
palarum – many forms of jIvAthmAs
maRRum – other human forms
maRRum – other animal forms and plant forms
muRRumAy – all
thAn – He (who has the sankalpam/vow)
thannuLLE – as part of his inherent nature (within himself)
Or – without second entity (since there is no other entity)
peru nIr – Singular causal ocean
thORRi – created
adhan uL – (to create brahmA et al) inside that
kaN vaLarum – lying down
vaikundhan – resident of paramapadham
vAnOr perumAn – controller of nithyasUris
mAmAyan – (being without any expectation) with his amazing qualities and actions, having unlimited simplicity
em perumAnE – my master.
Simple transalation (based on vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s 12000 padi)
bhagavAn who is indicated by the word “sath” having a single form (being the instrumental cause), being the singular (being the efficient cause) seed (being the material cause), out of his sankalpam (vow) became dhEvathAs (starting with brahmA, rudhra, indhra), rishis, many forms of jIvAthmAs, human forms, animal/plant forms and all forms. emperumAn created a singular causal ocean within himself and lay down in that ocean (to create brahmA et al). Such emperumAn who is the resident of paramapadham (spiritual realm) and the controller of the nithyasUris (eternally liberated souls), with amazing qualities and actions, is my master.
vyAkyAnams (commentaries)
Highlights from thirukkurukaippirAn piLLAn‘s vyAkyAnam
See vAdhi kEsari azhagiya maNavALa jIyar‘s translation.
Highlights from nanjIyar‘s vyAkyAnam
See nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam.
Highlights from periyavAchchAn piLLai‘s vyAkyAnam
See nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam.
Highlights from nampiLLai‘s vyAkyAnam as documented by vadakkuth thiruvIdhip piLLai
[Note: For any object, generally, three types of causes are explained. upAdhAna kAraNam – material cause – that which transformed to become the object; nimiththa kAraNam – efficient cause – that which caused the transformation; sahakAri kAraNam – ancillary cause – tools which are used for the creation. For example, when a pot is made – soil is the material cause, potter(‘s desire/will) is the efficient cause; stick and wheel are the instrumental cause].
- thAn Or uruvE thani viththAy – This phrase explains/matches chAndhOgya upanishath 6.2.1 “sadhEva sOmya idhamagra AsIdhEkamEva adhvithIyam” (Oh svEthakEthu who is eligible to drink sOmapAnam! This universe, before creation was called “sath” was existing; it was existing alone since there was no name and form, and was singular (since there was no other substratum for it)). Here, three words (sadhEva, EkamEva, adhvithIyam) indicate the distinct nature of brahmam and also indicate that brahmam is the three types of causes for creation. viththu (seed/cause) is to be read as “thAn viththu“, “oru viththu” and “thani viththu“. “thAn” indicates that there is no other upAdhAnam (raw-material) [chith (souls)/achith (matter) which are brahmam’s body in sUkshma state is the raw-material]; “Or” indicates that there is no additional tools/instruments in creation [brahmam’s knowledge, power etc are the tools]; “thani” indicates that there is no additional instigator for creation [brahmam is the only instigator and his sankalpam/vow is the trigger for creation]. “uru” indicates beauty, i.e., brahmam beautifully being the three types of causes himself.
- thannil mUvar mudhalAya – Two explanations are given here:
- first, bhagavAn is explained as the primary deity among brahmA, vishNu, rudhra – Just like srI rAma was born amidst ikshvAku clan descendants and is counted along as one of them and just like krishNa was born in the yAdhava clan and was counted amongst them, bhagavAn too was born in between brahmA and rudhra and was counted as one among the thrimUrthis (three deities) – yet, he remains with his distinct qualities, protects everyone and also performs creation/annihilation being the antharyAmi for the other two.
- second, “thannil” is explained as “(dependent) on him” – as explained in nArAyaNa anuvAkam “sa brahmA: sasivas sEndhras sOkshara: parama: svarAt” (that bhagavAn is the antharyAmi of brahmA, rudhra, indhra; he is sinless, supreme and fully independent (untouched by karmAs)”; so, here mUvar is explained as brahmA, rudhra and indhra.
- vAnOr palarum – dhEvathAs starting with brahmA
- munivarum – rishis starting with sanaka
- maRRum – plants
- maRRum – animals
- muRRum – all those which are not stated
- Ay – to create
- thAnOr peru nIr thannuLLE thORRi adhan uL kaN vaLarum – Thus having thought about creation, he first creates a huge ocean to lie down.
- vAnOr perumAn – master of nithyasUris
- mAmAyan – who has amazing qualities and activities
- vaikundhan – being comfortably seated in srIvaikuNtam
- emperumAnE – He is my Lord. When a property is slipping way, would the owner leave it? A mother who gives birth to a child after many difficult vrathams (sacrifices etc.), when the boy grows up and says “I want to go overseas”, can she bear that? Similarly, when I was suffering long time in this samsAram without knowledge, he is the one who gave me true knowledge and made me realise who I am. But if I try to leave him using that knowledge (saying he is supreme and I am very lowly), can he bear it?
In the next article we will enjoy the next pAsuram.
adiyen sarathy ramanuja dasan
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